Antenatal care:
Systemic supervision of a woman during pregnency which should be of a regular and periodic nature in accordance with the principal laid down one or more frequently according to the need of the individual is called antenatal care.
Aim of antenatal care:
1.To screen the high risk cases.
2.To prevent and to detect and treat at the earlist any complication.
3.To ensure continued medical survillance and prophylaxis.
4.To educate the mother about the physiology of pregnancy and labour by demostration charts and diagrams so that fear is removed and phychology is improved.
5.To discuss with the couple about the place, time and mode of delivery, provisionally and care of the new born.
6.To motivate the couple about to the need of family planning.
Objective of antenatal care:
The object is to enture a normal pregnancy with the delivery of the healthy mother.The criteria of the normal pregnancy are.
1.Delivery of a single baby in good condiction at term.
2.Fetal weight of 2.5 kg or more.
3.With the matarnal complications.
Importance of antenatal care:
1.To screen out high risk cases.
2.Detection of high risk factors.
3.Regular supervision of pregnancy.
4.To mike the patient realize that the pregnancy is a physiological process & to give phycological support.
Mention the WHO recommendation of antenatal visit.
1st visit(by 16 weeks):
Anaemia,syphilis,medical and obstetric risk factor.
Individualize birth plan and health education.
2nd visit(between 24-28 weeks)
Syphilis,fundal height.
3rd visit.(32th weeks)
Symphisis fundal height.
Pre eclampsia.
Further develop individualized birth plan.
4th visit:(36 weeks)
Indentify fetal lie.
Update the individualize birth plan.
Mention the investigation done in first antenatal visit.
History taking:
Particular of the patient.
Name.
Date of first examination.
Address.
Age.
Gravida.
Duration of the marriage.
Religion.
Occupation.
Occupation of the husband.
Period of gastation.
Menstural history:
Cycle.
Duration.
Amount of blood floow.
LNMP.
EDD.
Family history:
Family history of the hypertension.
DM.
Tuberculosis.
Personal history:
Habits.
Contraceptive history.
Clinical examination:
General examination:
Body buid.
Nutritional status.
Height.
Weight.
Pulse.
BP.
Temperature.
Anaemia.
Jaundice.
Oedema.
Dehudration.
Per abdominal examination:
Inspection:Shape of the abdomen,scar marks.
Palpation:Hight of the uterus.fetal movement.
Four grips:Fundal grip two lateral grip,pelvic grip.
Auscultation:
Fetal heart rate.
Other examination:
Cardio vascular examination.
Respiratory examination.
Per-vaginal examination:
To exclude the pwlvic pathology.
To diagonase the pregnancy.
Investigation:
Blood:Hb%,ABO groping&Rh typing,VBRL.
RBS.
Urine R/M/E.
USG of P/P.
Antenatal advice:
1.Diatary advice-The diet during pregnancy should adiquet to provide.
Good maternal health.
Optimism fetal growth.
Successfully lactation.
2.The pregnancy diet should be diet,nutrition,protin,minarals,vitamins.
3. The diet should consist and addition to the principal food at least milk,green vagitables,fruits.
Antenatal hygine:
1.Rest and sleep.
2.Bowel :Constipation is common -it may cause backach and abdominal discomfort. regular bowel may be faciliated by regulation of diet taking plenty of fluids, vegitables and milk.
3.Bathing:The patient should be take daily birth but be careful against slipping in the birthroom due to imbalance.
4.Coitus:
Generally coitus ia not reatricted during pregnancy.
Release of prostaglandins and oxytocin coitus may cause utrine cotractions.
Women with increasing risk of miscarriage or preterm labour should be avoid coitus.
Immunization: TT immunization:
1st dose :At 5th month.
2nd dose:At 7th month.
General advice:
1.Advice to attend for antenatal check-up positively on the schedule date of visit.
2.The patient should be instructed to report as early as posible if some serious symptom arise such as intanse headach,per vaginal bledding discharge absent,less fetal movement,vomiting,scanty micturation.etc.
She advise come to hospital for considaration of admission in the following circumstances.
1.painful uterine contraction.
2.Sudden gush of watery fluid per-vagina suggestive of premature rupture of the mambrane.
3.Active vaginal bledding, however slight it may be.
Aim of antenatal care:
1.To screen the high risk cases.
2.To prevent and to detect and treat at the earlist any complication.
3.To ensure continued medical survillance and prophylaxis.
4.To educate the mother about the physiology of pregnancy and labour by demostration charts and diagrams so that fear is removed and phychology is improved.
5.To discuss with the couple about the place, time and mode of delivery, provisionally and care of the new born.
6.To motivate the couple about to the need of family planning.
Objective of antenatal care:
The object is to enture a normal pregnancy with the delivery of the healthy mother.The criteria of the normal pregnancy are.
1.Delivery of a single baby in good condiction at term.
2.Fetal weight of 2.5 kg or more.
3.With the matarnal complications.
Importance of antenatal care:
1.To screen out high risk cases.
2.Detection of high risk factors.
3.Regular supervision of pregnancy.
4.To mike the patient realize that the pregnancy is a physiological process & to give phycological support.
Mention the WHO recommendation of antenatal visit.
1st visit(by 16 weeks):
Mention the investigation done in first antenatal visit.
History taking:
Menstural history:
Family history:
Clinical examination:
General examination:
Per abdominal examination:
Auscultation:
Other examination:
Per-vaginal examination:
Investigation:
Antenatal advice:
1.Diatary advice-The diet during pregnancy should adiquet to provide.
3. The diet should consist and addition to the principal food at least milk,green vagitables,fruits.
Antenatal hygine:
1.Rest and sleep.
2.Bowel :Constipation is common -it may cause backach and abdominal discomfort. regular bowel may be faciliated by regulation of diet taking plenty of fluids, vegitables and milk.
3.Bathing:The patient should be take daily birth but be careful against slipping in the birthroom due to imbalance.
4.Coitus:
Immunization: TT immunization:
General advice:
1.Advice to attend for antenatal check-up positively on the schedule date of visit.
2.The patient should be instructed to report as early as posible if some serious symptom arise such as intanse headach,per vaginal bledding discharge absent,less fetal movement,vomiting,scanty micturation.etc.
She advise come to hospital for considaration of admission in the following circumstances.
1.painful uterine contraction.
2.Sudden gush of watery fluid per-vagina suggestive of premature rupture of the mambrane.
3.Active vaginal bledding, however slight it may be.
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