Anaemia symptoms signs and treatment

Anaemia:
It is a clinical condiction characterized by pale coloration of skin,mucus membrane, & sclera due to qualitative and quantitative deficiency of HB% below the level at the normal range in the pheripheral blood for the age and sex of the individual.

Classification of anaemia:
A.Morphological classification.
B.Aetiological classification.
C.Clinical classification.

Morphological classification:
 a.Microcytic hypochromic anaemia.
    1.Iron deficiency anaemia.
    2.Thalassaemia.
    3.Anaemia of chronic disease.
 b.Normocytic normochromic anaemia.
    1.Haemorrhagic anaemia.
    2.Haemolytic anaemia.
    2.Aplestic anaemia.
    3.Renal failure.
 c.Macrocytic anaemia.
    1.Megaloblastic anaemia.
    2.Pernicious anaemia.

Aetiological classifiacation:
    1.Iron deficiency anaemia.
    2.Haemorrhagic anaemia.
    3.Haemolytic anaemia.
    4.Aplestic anaemia.
    5.Anaemia of chronic disease.

Clinical classification:
    1.Mild:12-9 gm/dl.
    2.Moderate:9-6 gm/dl.
    3.Severe:<= 6 gm/dl.

Site of anaemia:
    1.Lower palpable conjuntiva.
    2.Dorsal of the tunge.
    3.Buccal mucus membrane.
    4.Palm of the hand.
    5.Nail bed.
    6.Sole of the foot.
    7.Whole skin.

Normal level of Hb:
    1.Male:13-18 gm/dl.
    2.Female:11.5-16.5 gm/dl.
    3.Children:16-19 gm/dl.
    4.At birth:18-20 gm/dl.

Management of anaemia:
  A.Clinical feature:
   Symptom:
      1.Weakness.
      2.Tiredness.
      3.Lassitude.
      4.Fatigu.
      5.Palpitation.
      6.Anorexia.
      7.Headach.
      9.Dizziness.
    10.Dimness of vision.
  Sign:
      1.pallor-lower palpabral
         conjuntiva.
      2.Thchycardia.
      3.Cardiac dilation.
      4.Systemic flow murmur.

  B.Investigation:
      1.CBC with ESR.

 C.Treatment:
      1.Blood transfusion if needed.
      2.Treatment according to cause.